Microtol infusion (Mannitol)

• Composition :
  Each IV infusion contains Mannitol 20g/100ml
• Indications :
  The composition is used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established, the reduction of intracranial pressure, the treatment of cerebral edema, and the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances.
• Pharmacodynamics :
  Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma.
• Dosage and administration :
  Reduction of Intracranial Pressure and Brain Mass: In adults a dose of 0.25 to 2 g/kg body weight as a 15% to 25% solution administered over a period of 30 to 60 minutes, Children: pediatric patients 1 to 2 g/kg body weight over a period of 30 to 60 minutes.
• Contraindications :
  Well established anuria due to severe renal disease, Severe pulmonary congestion or frank pulmonary edema, Active intracranial bleeding except during craniotomy, Severe dehydration, Progressive renal damage or dysfunction after institution of mannitol therapy, including increasing oliguria and azotemia, Progressive heart failure or pulmonary congestion after institution of mannitol therapy, Do not administer to patients with a known hypersensitivity to mannitol.
• Precautions and warnings :
  There were no adequate and well -controlled studies in pregnant women. It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been well established.
• Use in pregnancy, lactation & pediatrics :
  There were no adequate and well -controlled studies in pregnant women. It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been well established.
• Drug interactions :
  Additives may be incompatible. Do not place 20% Mannitol Injection, USP in polyvinylchloride bags; a white flocculent precipitate may form from contact with PVC surfaces. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration; whenever container and solution permit.
• Adverse reactions :
  Pulmonary congestion, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, electrolyte loss, dryness of mouth, thirst
• Therapy Area :
  Osmotic derivatives